Photovoltaic power generation as an important and new source of clean energy and the world’s attention, the rapid rise of the solar photovoltaic industry, so that many people inside and outside the industry have a great interest. Photovoltaic module eight main materials, do you know them?
Photovoltaic glass
Photovoltaic glass is a kind of soda-lime silicate glass, which is mainly used for the encapsulation of photovoltaic modules. PV glass directly affects the solar power generation efficiency and service life of PV modules.
PV glass is generally low iron tempered glass or semi-tempered glass, with the following characteristics. First, good transmittance. Transmittance is the key factor affecting the conversion efficiency of PV cells. Photovoltaic glass needs to have high transmittance and high reflectivity of 1200nm infrared light. Second, high mechanical strength.
In addition, photovoltaic glass is generally used to support the structure of photovoltaic modules, to enhance the load bearing and load of photovoltaic modules, with light transmission, light reflection transmission, water, gas and corrosion prevention role.
Adhesive film
The PV encapsulation film is an important part of the PV module and is located on both the top and bottom sides of the cell. The primary role of the film is to bond the cell with the glass and backsheet. Secondly, the film can play the role of encapsulation protection, protect the battery circuit from external environmental interference, and extend the service life of the module.
In addition, the encapsulation film can enhance the light transmittance of the PV module, which in turn improves the power generation efficiency of the module. Finally, the adhesive film can also play a role in the production, storage, installation and use of components in the process of structural support and positioning of the battery.
Cells
The battery cell is the most central component of the module and is mainly used to convert light energy into electrical energy. It is made of semiconductor material. Through the irradiation of sunlight, the electron-hole pairs are excited, and the electrostatic field in the potential barrier region of the P-N junction is utilized to realize the separation of the electron-hole pairs, and the separated electrons and holes are collected and output to the outside of the battery body through the electrodes to form the current.
The cells are connected in series and parallel, and after reaching a certain rated output power and voltage, a photovoltaic module is formed. The photovoltaic modules are combined to form a photovoltaic array, which is connected to the controller, battery pack, inverter and other components to form a photovoltaic power generation system.
Backsheets
Photovoltaic backsheets are encapsulation materials used for backside protection, generally used for single-glass modules. PV backsheets are divided into fluorine backsheets and non-fluorine backsheets, fluorine backsheets include TPT, TPE, TPC, CPC, and non-fluorine backsheets include PET, PA/PO and so on.
Photovoltaic backsheets are mainly used to resist the erosion of humidity and heat on cells, adhesive film and other materials, and play the role of corrosion, weather, oxidation and insulation protection, which can effectively extend the service life of the module. The white backsheet scatters the light incident on the inside of the PV module, which improves the light absorption efficiency of the PV module. At the same time, due to its high infrared emissivity, it also reduces the working temperature of the PV module and improves the insulating property of the PV module.
Bezel
Photovoltaic bezel is installed in the glass extension of the frame, mainly used for fixed, sealed solar modules, to facilitate the transportation and installation of photovoltaic modules. The installation of the frame, one can protect the edge of the glass; two aluminum alloy combined with silicone edging to strengthen the sealing performance of the components; three can greatly improve the overall mechanical strength of the components; four is to facilitate the installation of the components, transportation; five is to carry the components and the stent of the link carrier, through the fixed to achieve the best anti-loading capacity, from the unit to the integration of the fixed, to enhance the mechanical capacity of the power station system.
Solder Tape
Photovoltaic welding tape, also called tin-coated copper tape, is a composite conductive material formed by coating tin-based solder on the surface of copper tape, applied to the series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells, to play the role of convergence current and conductive role, is an important material in the welding process of photovoltaic modules.
Photovoltaic welding tape is divided into interconnection welding tape and convergence welding tape. Interconnecting tape is used to connect PV cells, collect and transmit PV cell current. The converging ribbon is used to collect the current generated by the battery strings and lead out to the junction box. Welding tapes have a direct impact on current collection, which in turn affects the power and power generation efficiency of the module.
Silicone Gel
Silicone adhesive is mainly used for bonding and sealing the laminated glass photovoltaic modules, bonding frame and glass, junction box and backplane (or glass), playing a sealing and connecting role. According to the different locations of use, silicone adhesive is divided into sealant and potting adhesive. Sealant is used in the frame slot and the bottom of the junction box and backplane, potting gel is generally used inside the junction box, the main role is to protect the internal circuitry of the junction box.
Junction box
The junction box is mainly composed of junction box cover, sealing ring, diode, heat sink, box body, wire, connector. The main role of the junction box is to connect the power generated by the solar cell with the external line, with good electrical performance at the same time, the design and size of the junction box must meet the requirements of the use of the environment, including: electrical, mechanical, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant, etc., and can not be harmful to the user and the environment.
The above is the whole photovoltaic module of the main materials needed in the work system, each material plays a role are vital, complementary, to complete the process of photovoltaic power generation.
